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Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643) was an Italian composer, singer, and gambist who played a crucial role in the transition from the Renaissance to the Baroque era of music. Known for his revolutionary operatic works such as "L'Orfeo" and "L'incoronazione di Poppea," Monteverdi was a pioneer in developing the genre of opera. He also had a significant impact on sacred music, composing numerous madrigals and sacred choral works. Monteverdi's innovative use of harmony, melody, and expressive text setting cemented his reputation as one of the most influential composers of his time.