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Archimedes was a renowned ancient Greek mathematician, scientist, and inventor who lived in the 3rd century BC. He is best known for his contributions to mathematics, physics, and engineering. Archimedes made significant discoveries in geometry, particularly in the calculation of areas and volumes. His principle on fluid mechanics, known as Archimedes' Principle, explains the buoyant force on an object submerged in a fluid. He also invented various machines and devices, such as the Archimedes screw, a water pump still used today. Archimedes has left a lasting legacy in the fields of mathematics and science, and his works continue to inspire and influence scholars to this day.