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James Clerk Maxwell was a Scottish physicist and mathematician known for his groundbreaking contributions to electromagnetic theory and statistical mechanics. Born in 1831, Maxwell's equations unified the theories of electricity and magnetism, paving the way for the development of modern physics. His work laid the foundation for much of 20th-century physics, including the special theory of relativity. Maxwell's research also led to the discovery of radio waves, influencing the fields of telecommunications and technology. Maxwell passed away in 1879, leaving behind a lasting legacy as one of the greatest scientists in history.