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Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights activist and Baptist minister who played a pivotal role in the American civil rights movement in the mid-20th century. Born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, King became known for his nonviolent approach to protesting racial segregation and discrimination. He was the key figure in organizing the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955 and was instrumental in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, where he delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963. King received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his efforts in combating racial inequality through peaceful means. Tragically, he was assassinated on April 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee, leaving behind a legacy of courage, resilience, and a commitment to social justice. His work continues to inspire and influence activists around the world.