Shannon Lucid is a renowned American biochemist and retired NASA astronaut. Born on January 14, 1943, in China, Lucid joined NASA in 1978 and became one of the pioneering female astronauts. She holds the record for the longest duration spaceflight by an American woman, spending 188 days aboard the Russian space station Mir in 1996. Lucid has contributed significantly to scientific research in space, particularly in the fields of biochemistry and physiology. She is a recipient of multiple awards for her outstanding achievements in space exploration.