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Michel de Montaigne was a French philosopher known for popularizing the essay as a literary genre. Born in 1533 in France, Montaigne served as a magistrate before retiring to his estate to write. His most famous work, "Essays," reflects his introspective and humanist philosophy, exploring topics such as friendship, education, and the nature of humanity. Montaigne's writing style was characterized by its personal and conversational tone, influencing generations of writers. He died in 1592, leaving behind a legacy as one of the most influential thinkers of the Renaissance.