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Elihu Root (1845-1937) was an American lawyer and statesman who served as Secretary of War under President William McKinley and Secretary of State under President Theodore Roosevelt. He was instrumental in modernizing the U.S. Army and advocating for international arbitration as a means of resolving disputes between nations. Root was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1912 for his efforts in promoting international peace and cooperation. He was known for his diplomatic skills, legal expertise, and dedication to public service.