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Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin was a renowned British chemist who made significant contributions to the field of X-ray crystallography. Born in 1910, she developed groundbreaking techniques for determining the three-dimensional structures of complex molecules, including penicillin and vitamin B12. For her work, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964, becoming the third woman to win the prestigious award. Hodgkin's research laid the foundation for modern structural biology and her legacy continues to inspire scientists around the world.